How Does Energy Become Transferred From One Organism To Another?

How does energy become transferred from one organism to another?

 

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In the energy pyramid, only 10 percent of the energy can be transferred to next trophic level. Producers occupies the first trophic level since it is considered as the producers. Producers has the ability to make their own foods by the process known as photosynthesis. Consumers belongs to the second or higher trophic level as the primary consumer and secondary consumer. Producers can only transfer 10% of its energy to the 2nd trophic level since 90 % of the energy of producers are used in metabolic purposes like growth.

Example:

                                 Grass           →         Goat          →        Lion

Trophic level            1st                             2nd                    3rd

Energy (cal)          1,000,000                 100,000             10,000

Based on the data above, grass can give 10% of the energy to the goat, and the goat can only give 10% of its energy to the lion.